Open any history books, no matter textbooks for school children or masterpiece written by history scholars, the famous few are shining like stars in the sky, occupying all the people's attention. Therefore, someone asserts that, the study of history places too much emphasis on the individuals, and groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten are the history creators. However, I disagree with this claim, as discussed below.
In the first place, the famous few are the key impetus in the occurrence and development of history events, for their wisdom and sagacity for the right decision and strategy play a crucial and pivotal role. For example, Chairman Mao, the famous statesman, strategist, thinker and revolutionist, leading us to the liberation of China is strong evidence in my point of view. During the revolution process, Autumn Harvest Uprising is a crucial battle and a watershed in the history. Moreover, to make a thorough consideration, we can go not very far to discover that, it is Mao's wisdom as a great thinker that realize the importance of working-class and peasantry, and it is Mao's sagacity as a strategist that plan and layout the route for uprising, success can achieve.
Besides, when it comes to the history of famous discovery in technology and science, it is indubitable and undeniable that the famous few' s contribution play the pivotal role, and the works related done by groups of others is of unnecessary to draw our attention in the study of history. For instance, Isaac Newton, world renowned scientists, who discovered the gravity, propounding Three Laws of Motion, his personal contribution to the field physics is highly praised by the whole world. What is more, Darwin, who revolutionized the biology by theory of Evolution, based on natural selection, it is him, his wisdom, assiduous characteristics and talents that make this great discovery happen, bringing the benefit to us descendants.
In the second place, granted that the groups of people do a certain contribution in the significant events, to some extent, but only play the roles as upholders and followers who support and advocate the famous few. Take the example of Chairman Mao, as discussed before. In order to study of history of China's liberation, Mao is no doubt the key person, but how about the group of others' contribution? They are the role of the upholders and supporters. Premier Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaopin, Peng Dehuai, besides the generals and military commanders, even soldiers and workers, etc, all make their own contribution to this profound revolution in long history of China. However, these people, what methodology shall be used to study in history? Grasping and pay attention to the key leader and search for the related group of others is the efficient way. On the contrary, is it studying the group of others unrelated unnecessary and nonsense? Even to say a waste of time.
In the third place, it is pragmatic and reasonable for us the study the history by placing the mainly emphasis on individuals. Two reasons may contribute to my claim. Firstly, considering the textbooks in school teaching, the main contents of them is linked by a few famous few people and elites. What's more, the famous masterpiece, such as The Book of History, written by Si MaQian, in Western Han Dynasty also records the famous few as content. Given that the books are, to some degree, the reflection the feudalism will of governing class, but except for the famous few, the groups of others, whose contribution and characteristics are too unclear to recording, how can it be written in the books for us to study? Secondly, studying the famous few can show us some examples of the famous few, as the people in our real society, their deeds, strategy, wisdom can be learned by ourselves, acting as the motive and active role for us ordinary people. By studying them, not only making sense for our mundane society, but also erecting examples in the revolution and development for our next generation.
To sum up, studying the famous few is the most efficient and pragmatic way to history research. The group of others can not be of negligence and oblivion, for it is acting as propellants of the history's wheel, besides, the famous few, as the rudder who lead us to the bright future.
2008年3月25日星期二
2008年3月20日星期四
Money spent on research is almost always a good investment?
The significant and profound achievement in scientific world is attributed to the scientific research which needs money as financial aid and support of government and universities. However, among the numerous researches, some of them are controversial. As far as I am concerned, the money spent on research is a good investment, and the controversial research needs governments' efforts to divert from detrimental to beneficial for human. Besides, the spending of money should pay more emphasize on the exigent research relevant to people's daily lives.
Firstly, it is undeniable that scientific research plays a indispensable role in the development of human beings, so the investment on it is worthy. Besides, scientific research is a innovative task exploring the unknown field, which give rise to the profound influence. For example, the genetic engineering research is conducive to the understanding our human beings on genetic theory, which contains the genetic food and organ transplant. Genetic food is the supplement of our traditional food which has variety of nutrient and vitamins that our human needs. And the organ transplant, which can help those who suffer the cancers and save their lives. Moreover, the research on the macro-economics gives rise to the formation of principle on world economy, which makes humans face the changeable economy more confident and leisurely. And an other example is that, in the research of perpetual motion machine, human understands the principle of conservation of energy. Therefore, it is valuable and worthy for human to invest on the research.
Someone may propound the opposite viewpoint on the controversial research which needs more consideration before investment. They may propose the example of clone and nuclear power research. Admittedly, research on clone may transgress the moral principals and values and nuclear power may bring catastrophe and disaster if the nuclear substance release. However, clone research is one part of genetic engineering, if scientist only use the clone technology on animals and organ transplant, rather than human clone, the result is safe, valuable and beneficial to us. Likewise, human may use nuclear technology to generate electricity with nuclear reactor, rather weapons to set out wars, which is also a good investment for human. Moreover, government and all nations exert their effort to preventing on the research and no nuclear release happens again like the Three Mile Islands and Chernobyl in Ukraine events. The achievement we may see in these years on the control of such two controversial researches. Therefore, if rational and valuable utilize these technologies, it is certainly a good investment.
Thirdly, sometimes, although the result of research is promising, considering the opportunity cost, the economical concepts, money should be invested and put into the more needed field. I have two reasons. Firstly, money is limited; comparing the large amount of research, government and investors should balance the potential values of the research and the cost. Secondly, government and investors should emphasize more on the livelihood and welfare of people. For example, the problem of unemployment, high price of house, food security, and so forth. Some of the arm race for National defense should input less, for the limited money should be put on the where needs most and beneficial to our human daily lives.
To sum up, there are still other aspect relevant to the issue under discussion which, unfortunately, I have no time to explore it in detail here, but the above discussion reasons should in a large sense supporting my conclusion. Scientific research is beneficial to human beings, which is worthy for investment. Besides, government should show more emphasize and spend more money on people's livelihood and welfare.
Firstly, it is undeniable that scientific research plays a indispensable role in the development of human beings, so the investment on it is worthy. Besides, scientific research is a innovative task exploring the unknown field, which give rise to the profound influence. For example, the genetic engineering research is conducive to the understanding our human beings on genetic theory, which contains the genetic food and organ transplant. Genetic food is the supplement of our traditional food which has variety of nutrient and vitamins that our human needs. And the organ transplant, which can help those who suffer the cancers and save their lives. Moreover, the research on the macro-economics gives rise to the formation of principle on world economy, which makes humans face the changeable economy more confident and leisurely. And an other example is that, in the research of perpetual motion machine, human understands the principle of conservation of energy. Therefore, it is valuable and worthy for human to invest on the research.
Someone may propound the opposite viewpoint on the controversial research which needs more consideration before investment. They may propose the example of clone and nuclear power research. Admittedly, research on clone may transgress the moral principals and values and nuclear power may bring catastrophe and disaster if the nuclear substance release. However, clone research is one part of genetic engineering, if scientist only use the clone technology on animals and organ transplant, rather than human clone, the result is safe, valuable and beneficial to us. Likewise, human may use nuclear technology to generate electricity with nuclear reactor, rather weapons to set out wars, which is also a good investment for human. Moreover, government and all nations exert their effort to preventing on the research and no nuclear release happens again like the Three Mile Islands and Chernobyl in Ukraine events. The achievement we may see in these years on the control of such two controversial researches. Therefore, if rational and valuable utilize these technologies, it is certainly a good investment.
Thirdly, sometimes, although the result of research is promising, considering the opportunity cost, the economical concepts, money should be invested and put into the more needed field. I have two reasons. Firstly, money is limited; comparing the large amount of research, government and investors should balance the potential values of the research and the cost. Secondly, government and investors should emphasize more on the livelihood and welfare of people. For example, the problem of unemployment, high price of house, food security, and so forth. Some of the arm race for National defense should input less, for the limited money should be put on the where needs most and beneficial to our human daily lives.
To sum up, there are still other aspect relevant to the issue under discussion which, unfortunately, I have no time to explore it in detail here, but the above discussion reasons should in a large sense supporting my conclusion. Scientific research is beneficial to human beings, which is worthy for investment. Besides, government should show more emphasize and spend more money on people's livelihood and welfare.
Logical thinking OR Emotional Intelligence
Nowadays, in the development of educational system, developing logical thinking is the main task that our teachers undertake these years, however, as far as I am concerned, emotions are equally of importance in the education of students, moreover, in some situations, emotions are the more significant quality that teachers should cultivate with students.
Admittedly, logical thinking is the foundation skill in the studying of natural science subjects, like physics, mathematics, and so forth. Dr. Karl Albrecht, the international recognized author and speaker, once says, "logical thinking is the process in which one uses reasoning consistently to come to a conclusion, and the foundational skill for studying and research." For instance, in the studying of mathematic, students should learn the concept of division first, later can understand the concept of fraction. Then, students can come to the learning of equations in mathematic problems. So it is a sequence and logical thinking coming to the solution of problems.
Meanwhile, emotional intelligence is the significant and essential quality that leads people to achieve success. I have to viewpoint contributed to my claim. Firstly, the optimism and perseverance that in adversity is the decisive emotional quality in the process of pursuing for success. Consider one person who has the merit in logical thinking but easily be pessimistic when encountering the hardships. Unless Karl Max possessed the merit of persistence, he could not finish the book of On Capital, which was lasting for forty years. Secondly, besides, the quality of creation and innovation are also indispensable qualities that are contributing to the great achievement in the scientific research. For example, the great inventions like the theory of Relativity by Einstein in the scientific world, logical thinking is the basic skill, however, the creation and innovation one has are more significant.
Finally, the education of logical thinking is overemphasized in the education of student's nowadays, by contrast, the education of emotion intelligence are sometimes neglected and ignored by our pedagogues. I have two reasons. Firstly, not all the students will go to do research work after graduation, the task of teachers is to teach various abilities for students' later lives, more important the right and positive attitude toward life and optimistic when confronting the hardships in adversity. Secondly, the emotional quality is also important in the students' later work, which involves communicational, managerial and organizational skills and abilities. For instance, the education in university places too much on the theory, even in the application subjects like computer science. One of my classmates works at a software company for two years, and he told me his feeling the abilities to better communicational with your client, which is very essential in doing projects, like a website for company. So often the dilatoriness and delay of projects is attributed to clients' changing demands causing by not better communications with them before.
To sum up, logical thinking and emotional intelligence are equally important in the education of our students. Besides, educators should pay more emphasize on the education of emotions, which nurturing and cultivating the all-around development students that the society needs.
Admittedly, logical thinking is the foundation skill in the studying of natural science subjects, like physics, mathematics, and so forth. Dr. Karl Albrecht, the international recognized author and speaker, once says, "logical thinking is the process in which one uses reasoning consistently to come to a conclusion, and the foundational skill for studying and research." For instance, in the studying of mathematic, students should learn the concept of division first, later can understand the concept of fraction. Then, students can come to the learning of equations in mathematic problems. So it is a sequence and logical thinking coming to the solution of problems.
Meanwhile, emotional intelligence is the significant and essential quality that leads people to achieve success. I have to viewpoint contributed to my claim. Firstly, the optimism and perseverance that in adversity is the decisive emotional quality in the process of pursuing for success. Consider one person who has the merit in logical thinking but easily be pessimistic when encountering the hardships. Unless Karl Max possessed the merit of persistence, he could not finish the book of On Capital, which was lasting for forty years. Secondly, besides, the quality of creation and innovation are also indispensable qualities that are contributing to the great achievement in the scientific research. For example, the great inventions like the theory of Relativity by Einstein in the scientific world, logical thinking is the basic skill, however, the creation and innovation one has are more significant.
Finally, the education of logical thinking is overemphasized in the education of student's nowadays, by contrast, the education of emotion intelligence are sometimes neglected and ignored by our pedagogues. I have two reasons. Firstly, not all the students will go to do research work after graduation, the task of teachers is to teach various abilities for students' later lives, more important the right and positive attitude toward life and optimistic when confronting the hardships in adversity. Secondly, the emotional quality is also important in the students' later work, which involves communicational, managerial and organizational skills and abilities. For instance, the education in university places too much on the theory, even in the application subjects like computer science. One of my classmates works at a software company for two years, and he told me his feeling the abilities to better communicational with your client, which is very essential in doing projects, like a website for company. So often the dilatoriness and delay of projects is attributed to clients' changing demands causing by not better communications with them before.
To sum up, logical thinking and emotional intelligence are equally important in the education of our students. Besides, educators should pay more emphasize on the education of emotions, which nurturing and cultivating the all-around development students that the society needs.
2008年3月18日星期二
All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students the process of solving the world's most persistent
The social problems, such as the burgeoning population, racial inequity, aging society, crime, violence and drugs, are existing globally, whether the developing countries or developed countries. Concerning different countries varies in culture, religious, politics and economy; someone maintains that all nations should help support the development of a global university designed to nurturing students to solving the world's most persistent social problems. As far as I am concerned, to some extent, the global university may make some sense in researching problems concerning these problems, but solving them, the effectiveness and influence of the global university are limited.
Admittedly, the global university may be conducive to in terms of going deep into some social problems, with faculties of different countries different society, cultural and religious backgrounds, by contrast to bias and limitations in their own countries. For example, AIDS is disseminating all around the world, and nowadays, the numbers of people infected with HIV is increasing sharply year by year. Both in developed countries like America and developing countries like China other African countries. A global university may concentrate on these severe problems, given the difference in social cultures, customs, religions and economy status. Consider, years before, a large proportion of people in China who infected with HIV by blood, now by sex is increasing. As the same time, according to a survey from New York Times, the homosexual people are rapidly increasing infected in US these years. Before the effective medical methods are invented by doctors, are there any measures we can do to decrease the number of people died by AIDS? Some social notions behind AIDS epidemic, like people’s values and attitudes to sex and homosexual, may be the content to research by the global university.
However, it is dubious and questionable that the effectiveness and influence of the global university, that is to say, is it worthy to support such a global university. Three view points may be contributed to my assertion. Firstly, the university may establish some disciplines, relevant to the social problems, containing the social customs, religious, people's psychology, conduct and so forth. However, this disciplines and academy are well-development in the world-famous universities, like Harvard, Yale, etc. Moreover, in these universities, many professors and teachers are coming from different countries, and they do have the global sense. Secondly, the way to nurturing the students in the global universities is also hard to make a consensus, for no ancestor’s experience we may give reference to. It is evidently university is a kind of place to nurturing students with knowledge and make them all-round mind, not a place gathering the people of problem solvers, and how it is ridiculous. Thirdly, the supporters of the global university is may probably by some large countries, concerning the funds and money are a larger amount yearly, solving social problems may be biased in the interest of some large, and world-influenced countries, the interest of others may be not guaranteed.
Therefore, it is more practical and useful to concentrating on the cooperation between the nations and countries, rather than supporting a global university to do some research on the theory and experiment. In most situations, even if students from the global university conceive a good way to solve these problems, unless the countries cooperate to practice it, how it will be solved? Mostly, the interest of different nations and groups is hard to balance. In my viewpoint, some goal-oriented organization is more practical and effective. For instance, the World Health Organization, concentrating on the health problems happen in the global world, like some epidemic, SARS etc. In these organizations, specialists and professors from all over the world will cooperate and collaborate on the issues and problems, and find the most practical method to solve them. Just like AIDS, I mention before, a similar kind of organization may be established by the United Nations to solve this problems, which is also more economical and flexible. Unlike a university, if you build up it, it is running and management needs many resources and money.
To sum up, a global university is likely is worthy to support or not needs careful and thorough considerations by all nations. To solve the most persistent social problems, all nations should cooperate widely and practically and attitudes and sincerity are the most important, rather the research on the how to solve them.
Admittedly, the global university may be conducive to in terms of going deep into some social problems, with faculties of different countries different society, cultural and religious backgrounds, by contrast to bias and limitations in their own countries. For example, AIDS is disseminating all around the world, and nowadays, the numbers of people infected with HIV is increasing sharply year by year. Both in developed countries like America and developing countries like China other African countries. A global university may concentrate on these severe problems, given the difference in social cultures, customs, religions and economy status. Consider, years before, a large proportion of people in China who infected with HIV by blood, now by sex is increasing. As the same time, according to a survey from New York Times, the homosexual people are rapidly increasing infected in US these years. Before the effective medical methods are invented by doctors, are there any measures we can do to decrease the number of people died by AIDS? Some social notions behind AIDS epidemic, like people’s values and attitudes to sex and homosexual, may be the content to research by the global university.
However, it is dubious and questionable that the effectiveness and influence of the global university, that is to say, is it worthy to support such a global university. Three view points may be contributed to my assertion. Firstly, the university may establish some disciplines, relevant to the social problems, containing the social customs, religious, people's psychology, conduct and so forth. However, this disciplines and academy are well-development in the world-famous universities, like Harvard, Yale, etc. Moreover, in these universities, many professors and teachers are coming from different countries, and they do have the global sense. Secondly, the way to nurturing the students in the global universities is also hard to make a consensus, for no ancestor’s experience we may give reference to. It is evidently university is a kind of place to nurturing students with knowledge and make them all-round mind, not a place gathering the people of problem solvers, and how it is ridiculous. Thirdly, the supporters of the global university is may probably by some large countries, concerning the funds and money are a larger amount yearly, solving social problems may be biased in the interest of some large, and world-influenced countries, the interest of others may be not guaranteed.
Therefore, it is more practical and useful to concentrating on the cooperation between the nations and countries, rather than supporting a global university to do some research on the theory and experiment. In most situations, even if students from the global university conceive a good way to solve these problems, unless the countries cooperate to practice it, how it will be solved? Mostly, the interest of different nations and groups is hard to balance. In my viewpoint, some goal-oriented organization is more practical and effective. For instance, the World Health Organization, concentrating on the health problems happen in the global world, like some epidemic, SARS etc. In these organizations, specialists and professors from all over the world will cooperate and collaborate on the issues and problems, and find the most practical method to solve them. Just like AIDS, I mention before, a similar kind of organization may be established by the United Nations to solve this problems, which is also more economical and flexible. Unlike a university, if you build up it, it is running and management needs many resources and money.
To sum up, a global university is likely is worthy to support or not needs careful and thorough considerations by all nations. To solve the most persistent social problems, all nations should cooperate widely and practically and attitudes and sincerity are the most important, rather the research on the how to solve them.
2008年3月10日星期一
idol show
In
Reflecting on the unprecedented popularity of idol show in
订阅：
博文 (Atom)